How Do Helical Piles Work to Lift a Foundation?
Helical piles, also called screw piles or helical pilings, are a highly effective solution for lifting and stabilizing foundations. They work by transferring the weight of a structure to deeper, more stable soil layers, often referred to as load-bearing strata. This method is commonly used in residential and commercial foundation repair projects where soil movement, poor compaction, or erosion has caused foundation settlement.
Here’s how helical piles function to lift a foundation:
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The Mechanics of Helical Piles
Helical piles are steel shafts fitted with helix-shaped plates that allow them to screw into the ground. Unlike traditional concrete foundations, which distribute a structure’s weight across a surface, helical piles anchor deep into stable soils. This depth ensures the foundation is supported by soil or rock layers that can bear the structure’s weight without shifting.
When a foundation begins to settle, helical piles are installed to redistribute that weight. The piles are screwed into the ground using specialized equipment, such as hydraulic rigs, until they reach competent load-bearing soil. Once in place, the piles act as anchors that prevent further settlement and allow for controlled lifting of the foundation.
How Helical Piles Lift a Foundation
Assessment and Preparation: Engineers assess the foundation problem and determine the placement of the helical piles. This is crucial to ensure the foundation is lifted evenly, preventing additional damage.
Installation: The helical piles are screwed into the ground until they reach stable soil or rock. This step ensures the piles can handle the weight of the structure.
Load Transfer: Once the piles are securely installed, brackets are attached to the foundation. These brackets transfer the weight of the structure from the unstable soil to the helical piles.
Lifting the Foundation: Using hydraulic jacks, the foundation is carefully lifted to its original position. The process is slow and controlled to avoid causing cracks or additional damage to the structure.
Permanent Support: Once the foundation is level, the piles and brackets provide long-term stability, ensuring the foundation remains supported even in shifting or expansive soils.
Why Helical Piles Are Effective
Helical piles work by bypassing the unstable soil beneath a foundation and anchoring the structure to stable soil deep underground. This eliminates the risk of further settlement and provides a secure base for the structure. Additionally, their screw-like design ensures they stay firmly in place, even in areas with high moisture levels or loose soil.
Helical piles are particularly effective because they distribute the weight of the structure evenly across multiple points. This prevents stress concentration, which can lead to cracking or bowing in the foundation. Their ability to handle heavy loads and their resistance to environmental factors make them a preferred choice for both residential and commercial applications.
Advantages of Using Helical Piles
Precise Lifting: Helical pile installations allow for precise control during the lifting process, ensuring the foundation is returned to its correct position.
Adaptability: These piles work in various soil types, making them suitable for different environments.
Minimal Disruption: Helical piles can be installed quickly and with minimal impact on the surrounding property.
Long-Term Solution: Once installed, helical piles offer lasting support, protecting the foundation from future settlement.
Conclusion
Helical piles lift and stabilize foundations by anchoring them to deep, stable soil layers. They are a reliable, long-term solution for addressing foundation settlement and restoring structural integrity. Whether your foundation has begun to sink due to poor soil conditions or excessive weight, helical piles offer a proven method to reverse the damage and provide lasting stability. If you’re dealing with foundation problems, contact Colorado Structural Repair to learn more about helical pile installation and how it can restore your home or business.
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