How Deep Can Helical Piers Go?
Helical piers are a reliable deep foundation system used to support structures in unstable soil conditions. Their ability to reach deep, stable layers of soil makes them a popular choice for foundation repair and new construction. But how deep do helical piers go? The depth depends on various factors, including soil conditions, design loads, and structural requirements. Understanding these factors helps determine how deep helical piers need to be installed for long-term foundation stability.
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Factors That Affect Helical Pier Depth
The depth required for helical pier installation depends on several key elements:
Soil Conditions – Soft or unstable soil requires deeper installation to reach load-bearing strata.
Bearing Capacity – The pier must reach soil with enough strength to support the structure.
Design Loads – Heavier buildings or high-load areas require deeper piers for stability.
Existing Structures – Retrofitting a foundation with helical piers may require deeper placement to bypass old footings or obstructions.
Water Table Levels – High groundwater levels can impact the depth needed for installation.
These factors are assessed during a site evaluation to determine the optimal depth for installation.
Typical Depths for Helical Piers
The depth of helical piers varies depending on the project and soil conditions. On average, helical piers are installed between 10 to 30 feet deep, but in some cases, they can extend much further.
Lightweight Structures (decks, porches, small additions) – 10 to 15 feet
Residential Homes – 15 to 30 feet
Commercial Buildings – 30+ feet
Poor Soil Conditions – 50+ feet, depending on soil stability
While some piers may only need to go 10 to 20 feet, others must reach 50 feet or more to achieve the necessary load-bearing capacity.
How Helical Piers Reach Load-Bearing Soil
The installation process ensures that helical piers are driven deep enough to provide solid support.
Site Evaluation – Soil conditions and structural needs are assessed to determine the required depth.
Pier Installation – A hydraulic drive motor screws the steel shaft into the ground.
Load Testing – The installer monitors resistance to confirm the pier has reached a stable soil layer.
Final Adjustments – If necessary, extensions are added until the pier reaches the required depth.
This process ensures the pier extends into competent load-bearing soil, preventing future foundation settlement.
Comparing Helical Piers to Concrete Piers
Traditional concrete piers rely on soil compaction and curing time, making them less effective in soft or shifting soils. They are typically installed 8 to 12 feet deep but may require additional depth in weak soil.
Helical piers, on the other hand, can be installed deeper and more efficiently. Their screw-like design allows them to be driven deeper without the need for extensive excavation or curing time. They offer a cost-effective and faster alternative to deep concrete piers.
Why Deeper Piers Matter for Long-Term Stability
Deeper piers provide better support and longevity for foundations by:
Reaching Stable Soil Layers – Ensuring the foundation rests on solid ground.
Preventing Settlement – Reducing the risk of shifting and structural movement.
Adapting to Soil Variability – Adjusting depth based on changing soil conditions.
Providing Immediate Load-Bearing Capacity – Unlike concrete, helical piers support weight immediately.
For homes and buildings in areas with poor soil conditions, installing helical piers at the correct depth is crucial to long-term stability.
Conclusion
Helical piers can be installed at depths ranging from 10 feet to over 50 feet, depending on soil conditions and load requirements. Their ability to reach deep foundation levels makes them one of the most effective solutions for stabilizing structures and preventing foundation settlement.
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